Uncrowned Guard

Thwarted Russian Advance in Eastern Donetsk In a recent military clash near Avdiyivka, Ukrainian forces successfully repelled an attempt by the Russian army to penetrate their defenses. The engagement, as reported by the DeepState UA milblogger, took place in the northern sector of the Avdiyivka bulge near the area of Stepove. The Russian offensive, composed of a column of ten combat vehicles including main battle tanks, was part of Moscow's largest offensive in the region in recent months. This operation reportedly involved former fighters from the private military company “Wagner,” with an objective to break through Ukrainian lines and advance towards Avdiyivka. Effective Use of Advanced Military Equipment by Ukraine The Ukrainian military's response was characterized by professionalism and strategic coordination. They utilized advanced Bradley infantry fighting vehicles, which were supplied by the United States, along with FPV drones, to halt the Russian advance. This response not only successfully stopped the Russian offensive but also highlighted the effectiveness of the Ukrainian military's tactical strategies and the importance of advanced military equipment in modern warfare. Demonstration of Ukrainian Military Prowess This latest incident is a testament to the Ukrainian military's growing capability to counteract Russian military actions. The successful defense against the Russian assault was largely attributed to the sophisticated use of equipment and the skillful deployment of resources by the Ukrainian forces. Their ability to effectively employ these tactics and technologies in the field demonstrates a significant enhancement in their defense capabilities, reinforcing their position in the ongoing conflict in the eastern Donetsk region.

Nighttime Mission Leads to Unexpected Turn During a nighttime boarding mission in the Gulf of Aden, near Somalia, a harrowing incident occurred involving two US Navy SEALs. As they were climbing aboard a vessel, high waves caused one of the SEALs to fall into the sea. Adhering to Navy SEAL protocol, the second SEAL immediately jumped in to assist his comrade, leading to both individuals vanishing. This event occurred on Thursday, and since then, a rigorous search-and-rescue operation has been underway. The US Central Command has acknowledged the missing sailors but has not specified their roles as SEALs. Details of the Mission and Ongoing Search Efforts The mission that led to this unfortunate incident involved intercepting suspected Iranian weaponry destined for the Houthis in Yemen, according to reports from US officials. The specific details of the mission and the target vessel remain undisclosed. However, it is known that the waters off the coast of Somalia are notorious for piracy and illegal activities, with US forces frequently engaging in counter-piracy operations. The search-and-rescue mission, conducted by the US 5th Fleet, continues with no new updates available from the Pentagon or the US Fleet Forces Command as of early Monday. Regional Context and Mission Objectives The Gulf of Aden, a strategic location for Navy operations, has been particularly active in recent weeks. While officials have clarified that the incident did not relate to responses to Houthi-led attacks in the Red Sea or Iran's seizure of an oil tanker, it highlights the ongoing efforts to disrupt weapon supplies to Yemen. The mission, described as a "normal interdiction" operation, was part of a broader strategy to maintain security and combat illicit activities in the region. The National Security Council spokesperson, John Kirby, confirmed that the operation was focused on curbing the flow of arms to Yemen and was not connected to recent strikes against the Houthis.

Strategic Defense Success in Ukraine Ukraine has demonstrated significant success in deploying Patriot air-defense systems, notably shooting down 25 Russian Kinzhal missiles since last May. This achievement not only bolsters Ukraine's defense capabilities but also offers an invaluable opportunity to refine and enhance the Patriot system's accuracy and algorithms. These developments come in the backdrop of Ukraine's ongoing efforts to fend off Russian missile, aircraft, and drone attacks, including advanced weaponry that has often been overhyped. Intelligence Windfall for the West While Ukraine's interceptions bolster its defense, they also serve as a rich source of data for other Patriot system users. This "intelligence bonanza," as termed by one missile-defense expert, is helping to make the system smarter and more effective against various threats. The success in intercepting Kinzhal missiles, previously touted as unstoppable by Russia, is particularly significant. This not only disproves the invincibility of the Kinzhal but also provides critical insights into countering such advanced weaponry, benefiting the US, NATO allies, and other Patriot system users globally. Broader Implications for Air and Missile Defense Ukraine’s effective use of Western-provided air defenses like Patriots, IRIS-T, and NASAMS, which have been instrumental in saving lives, also underscores the growing need for robust air and missile defenses worldwide. The successful engagement of high-end missile threats from Russia reinforces the importance of such systems. This is evident in the recent decisions of NATO nations to acquire more Patriot missiles and Japan's historic move to export missiles to the US. The conflict has not only emphasized the importance of air and missile defenses for immediate defense needs but also highlighted their strategic value in understanding and preparing for potential future conflicts. Ukraine's successes in employing these systems underline the critical role of air and missile defenses, not just as peripheral equipment, but as central to modern military strategy and national defense.

Rubaboo is a traditional dish with roots in the culinary traditions of the Métis people and the fur trade era of North America. Its history is a blend of Indigenous and European influences, reflecting the cultural fusion that characterizes the Métis community. Check out our Rubaboo Recipe with Pemmican here. Deep Cultural and Historical Roots Métis Origins: The Métis emerged in the 18th and early 19th centuries as descendants of European fur traders (primarily French and Scottish) and Indigenous women (mainly Cree, Ojibwe, Saulteaux, and Assiniboine). Rubaboo reflects the Métis' mixed lineage, showcasing a blend of European and Indigenous culinary traditions. Language and Terminology: The term 'Rubaboo' is believed to derive from the Michif language (a mix of Cree and French), indicating its deep cultural roots within the Métis community. Ingredients and Preparation: A Closer Look Key Ingredient - Pemmican: Pemmican, made from dried and pounded bison, moose, or deer meat mixed with fat and berries, was a vital ingredient, serving as a protein-rich base for the stew. European Influences: The inclusion of European staples like potatoes, onions, and carrots, as well as barley or flour, reflects the fusion of Indigenous and European diets. Seasonal and Regional Variations: Depending on the season and region, different wild game, fish, or locally available vegetables and grains would be incorporated, showcasing the adaptability of the dish to the harsh Canadian climate and the resourcefulness of the Métis. Rubaboo in the Context of the Fur Trade Life at Trading Posts: In the bustling fur trade posts, Rubaboo was a common and practical meal. It provided sustenance to fur traders, Métis families, and Indigenous communities involved in the trade. Feeding the Brigades: Voyageurs and fur brigades, often comprising Métis men, relied on Rubaboo during their long canoe journeys. The dish’s high caloric content was essential for their strenuous work. Sociocultural Significance A Symbol of Métis Identity: More than just sustenance, Rubaboo became a symbol of Métis cultural identity, embodying their resilience and ingenuity in merging different culinary practices. Community Gatherings: Cooking and sharing Rubaboo were central to social gatherings and celebrations, reinforcing community bonds and passing down traditions through generations. Evolution and Modern Interpretations Culinary Revival and Adaptation: Contemporary interest in traditional Métis cuisine has led to a revival of Rubaboo. Modern chefs often experiment with ingredients and techniques while respecting the dish's traditional roots. Cultural Events and Education: Rubaboo features in cultural festivals, educational programs, and historical reenactments, highlighting Métis history and culinary heritage. Conclusion The history of Rubaboo is rich and multifaceted, reflecting the Métis people's journey and their unique cultural position in North America. This hearty stew, born out of necessity, adaptation, and cultural fusion, is more than a culinary staple; it's a narrative of survival, community, and identity, continuing to resonate within and beyond the Métis community.

Hardtack, also known as ship's biscuit, sea biscuit, or pilot bread, is a simple type of cracker or biscuit made from flour, water, and sometimes salt. Hardtack has a long history, primarily due to its ability to be stored for long periods without spoiling, making it an essential food item for long sea voyages, military campaigns, and other situations where perishable foods couldn't be relied upon. Check out our Hardtack Recipe here. Ancient and Medieval Origins Early Forms: The concept of hardtack dates back to ancient civilizations. The Roman legions had a form of hardtack called 'buccellatum', a basic biscuit ration for soldiers. Medieval Seafaring: During the Middle Ages, hardtack became a staple in maritime voyages. Its durability and resistance to spoilage made it an ideal food for long sea journeys, where fresh provisions were impossible to keep. Age of Exploration and Global Expansion European Explorers: In the 15th and 16th centuries, European explorers, including Columbus and Magellan, relied heavily on hardtack during their long transoceanic voyages. It was a key part of the diet on ships exploring new routes to the Americas, Africa, and Asia. Manufacturing and Supply: Hardtack was produced in large quantities in port cities. Governments and ship owners saw it as a cost-effective way to feed crews on long voyages. The biscuits were baked several times to remove moisture, ensuring their longevity. Military Use and Evolution Napoleonic Wars: Hardtack was a common ration for soldiers in the Napoleonic Wars. It was easy to transport and could sustain troops for extended periods in the field. American Civil War: The Union army issued hardtack to soldiers, where it gained various nicknames like "tooth dullers" due to its hardness. Confederate soldiers had a similar ration called "corn dodgers." World War Adaptations: By World Wars I and II, hardtack had evolved in composition and was often replaced by or supplemented with other rations. However, it remained a basic component of emergency and field rations. Nutritional Aspects and Challenges Basic Nutrition: Hardtack primarily provided carbohydrates. Its lack of moisture and other ingredients meant it was free from spoilage but also limited in nutritional diversity. Common Ailments: Sailors and soldiers often suffered from scurvy and other nutritional deficiencies, partly due to the lack of vitamins in diets heavily reliant on hardtack. Pest Infestations: Weevil and insect infestations were common problems, often leading to the saying, "Don't break the biscuit, lest you wake the weevils." Cultural and Social Impact Literary Mentions: Authors like Herman Melville in "Moby Dick" and Mark Twain in various works referenced hardtack, often humorously, to portray the life of sailors and soldiers. Songs and Folklore: Hardtack is featured in many sea shanties and military songs, becoming a symbol of the endurance and hardship faced in these professions. Modern Perspective and Legacy Decline and Nostalgia: The use of hardtack has declined with modern preservation methods and changes in military and maritime diets. However, it remains a subject of historical interest and nostalgia. Survivalists and Reenactors: Hardtack is still made by survivalists and historical reenactors who appreciate its historical significance and simplicity. Museum Exhibits and Education: Hardtack features in museum exhibits about maritime history and military campaigns, often used to educate about historical living conditions. Conclusion The history of hardtack is a chronicle of human adaptation to the challenges of long-duration sea voyages and military campaigns. This humble biscuit played a crucial role in the survival and exploration endeavors throughout history, symbolizing the resilience, resourcefulness, and sometimes the desperation of those who relied on it. Its legacy continues to be a point of fascination in understanding the past ways of life.

The Pemmican Wars, a series of conflicts and tensions in the early 19th century, primarily involved the Hudson's Bay Company (HBC), the North West Company (NWC), and the Métis people. This period was marked by economic competition, cultural clashes, and significant impacts on the Indigenous populations of North America, particularly in the context of the fur trade. Pre-War Context and Origins Fur Trade Dynamics: Prior to the wars, the fur trade in North America was a lucrative industry driven by European demand. The Hudson's Bay Company (HBC) and the North West Company (NWC) were the main competitors. The HBC, established in 1670, operated primarily around Hudson Bay. The NWC, formed in 1779, was based in Montreal and relied on a network of trading posts throughout the interior. Role of Indigenous Peoples: Indigenous groups played a crucial role in the fur trade, serving as trappers, guides, and intermediaries. The Métis, emerging as a distinct community of mixed Indigenous and European ancestry, became particularly influential in the pemmican trade, a vital resource for the fur trade. The Catalyst: The Pemmican Proclamation The Red River Colony: The HBC established the Red River Colony (in present-day Manitoba) to create a self-sufficient agricultural base to support its trading operations. This move was partly to assert control over the key pemmican-producing regions. The Proclamation of 1814: Governor Miles Macdonell of the Red River Colony, representing the HBC, issued the Pemmican Proclamation in January 1814. It banned the export of pemmican from the colony's territory for one year, aiming to ensure food supply for the colony but directly impacting the NWC, which relied on pemmican for its trading routes. Escalation and Key Events Initial Skirmishes: Following the proclamation, tensions escalated into physical confrontations. Both companies began to engage in acts of sabotage and raids against each other’s posts. The Métis, led by figures like Cuthbert Grant, sided with the NWC due to their reliance on the pemmican trade. The Battle of Seven Oaks (1816): A pivotal event in the Pemmican Wars was the Battle of Seven Oaks in June 1816. Métis forces, led by Cuthbert Grant, clashed with a group of HBC men led by Robert Semple near the Red River Colony. The battle resulted in the death of Semple and about 20 of his men, marking a significant victory for the Métis and the NWC. Political and Economic Impact British Government Intervention: The escalating violence and economic disruption prompted intervention by the British government. Investigations and negotiations were initiated to resolve the conflict and stabilize the fur trade. Merger of the Companies (1821): The financial strain caused by the conflicts and government pressure led to the merger of the HBC and NWC in 1821. This merger effectively ended the Pemmican Wars and created a monopoly over the North American fur trade under the HBC banner. Aftermath and Legacy Impact on the Métis and Indigenous Groups: The merger had profound effects on the Métis and other Indigenous groups. The monopoly led to reduced competition for furs, impacting the livelihoods of many Indigenous trappers and traders. The Métis, in particular, faced a loss of economic autonomy and a shift in their role within the fur trade. Cultural and Historical Significance: The Pemmican Wars are significant for highlighting the agency of the Métis and their central role in the fur trade. These events also underscored the complexities of colonial expansion, resource competition, and the impact of European economic policies on Indigenous peoples. Modern Perspectives: Contemporary understanding of the Pemmican Wars reflects on the Métis struggle for recognition and rights, as well as the broader context of Indigenous sovereignty and colonial history in North America. Conclusion The Pemmican Wars represent a complex chapter in North American history, characterized by economic rivalry, cultural resilience, and the struggle for control over valuable resources. The legacy of these conflicts offers critical insights into the historical relationships between Indigenous groups, colonial powers, and the fur trade, shaping the socio-economic landscape of North America well into the future.

Pemmican is a traditional food with a rich history, particularly among the Indigenous peoples of North America. Its origins are deeply intertwined with the lifestyles and survival strategies of various Native American tribes. Check out our Pemmican Recipe here. Origins and Traditional Use Indigenous Innovation: Pemmican was developed by Indigenous peoples of North America, primarily among the Cree, Assiniboine, and Sioux of the Great Plains region. This innovation was crucial for survival in harsh climates and during long hunts or travels. Composition and Preparation: Traditionally, pemmican was made from lean game meat such as bison, moose, elk, or deer. The meat was cut into thin slices, dried in the sun or over a low fire, and then pounded into a fine powder. Animal fat, usually rendered bison fat, was melted and mixed with the meat powder. Sometimes, dried berries like chokeberries, blueberries, or saskatoon berries were added for flavor and additional nutrients. Nutritional Value: Pemmican is rich in protein, fat, and calories, making it an ideal high-energy food. Its balance of nutrients was essential for Indigenous peoples, especially during winter months or on long journeys. European Contact and the Fur Trade Era Adoption by Europeans: The introduction of pemmican to European fur traders and explorers was a pivotal moment. It became a staple for explorers like Alexander Mackenzie and David Thompson on their extensive journeys. Role in the Fur Trade: Pemmican was not just a food item but a commodity in the fur trade. Forts and trading posts often had large stores of pemmican, and it was used as a trade good with Indigenous trappers and traders. The Pemmican Wars and Its Aftermath Economic and Political Conflict: The Pemmican War (1814-1821) was a series of confrontations primarily between the North West Company and the Hudson's Bay Company. The conflict arose over control of the pemmican trade and supply, which was critical for the fur trade. Métis Involvement: The Métis, known for their pemmican production, were significantly impacted. They played a central role in the conflict, as their way of life was closely tied to pemmican production and trade. Impact on Bison: The demand for pemmican led to intensive hunting of bison, contributing to the near extinction of the bison herds in the late 19th century. This had devastating effects on the Plains Indigenous cultures, whose lives and culture were deeply intertwined with the bison. Cultural and Historical Significance Cultural Identity: For Indigenous peoples, pemmican was more than a food source; it was a symbol of resilience and adaptation. Its preparation and use were embedded in cultural practices and traditions. Historical Documentation: Historical records, including journals of explorers and fur traders, provide insights into the importance of pemmican in early North American exploration and trade. Modern Revival and Legacy Contemporary Interest: In recent years, there has been a revival of interest in traditional foods like pemmican, both within Indigenous communities as a way to reconnect with cultural heritage and among non-Indigenous people interested in sustainable and nutritious food sources. Educational and Cultural Programs: Various educational initiatives and cultural programs have been developed to teach the traditional methods of making pemmican, emphasizing its historical and cultural importance. Conclusion The history of pemmican is a complex tapestry woven through the survival strategies of Indigenous peoples, the dynamics of European colonization and trade, and the changing landscapes of North American societies. Its story is emblematic of resilience, cultural exchange, and adaptation, highlighting the interplay between human societies and the natural world.

Rubaboo is a traditional dish of the Métis and First Nations people of Canada. It's a hearty stew that can be made with a variety of ingredients, but pemmican, a mixture of dried meat, fat, and berries, is often a key component. Here's a recipe for Rubaboo made with pemmican: Ingredients Pemmican: 1 cup, crumbled or chopped into small pieces. Pemmican traditionally contains dried meat, fat, and sometimes berries. Water or Broth: 6 cups. You can use vegetable, chicken, or beef broth for added flavor and nutrients. Potatoes: 2 medium-sized, peeled and diced into cubes. Carrots: 2 medium-sized, peeled and diced. Onion: 1 large, finely chopped for a base flavor. Garlic: 2 cloves, minced, to add depth to the flavor. Salt and Pepper: Add to taste, depending on the saltiness of the pemmican and broth. Optional Vegetables: Such as corn, peas, or other available seasonal vegetables for added texture and nutrition. Optional Seasonings: Bay leaf, thyme, rosemary, or other herbs to enhance flavor. Flour: 2 tablespoons, to thicken the stew (optional). Butter or Oil: 1 tablespoon, for sautéing (if using flour for thickening). Equipment Large Pot or Dutch Oven Wooden Spoon Knife and Cutting Board Measuring Cups and Spoons Instructions Prepare Ingredients Begin by preparing your vegetables: Wash, peel, and dice the potatoes and carrots into even cubes for uniform cooking. Finely chop the onion and mince the garlic cloves. Sauté Aromatics (Optional Step for Enhanced Flavor) Heat a tablespoon of butter or oil in a large pot or Dutch oven over medium heat. Add the onions first, sautéing them until they become translucent and slightly golden. This typically takes about 3-5 minutes. Add the minced garlic and sauté for an additional minute, ensuring it doesn't burn. Add Pemmican and Liquid Crumble or chop the pemmican into small pieces and add it to the pot. Pour in 6 cups of your chosen liquid (water or broth). Increase the heat to bring the mixture to a gentle boil. Incorporate Vegetables and Seasonings Add the diced potatoes and carrots to the pot. If using other vegetables, add them as well. Season the mixture with salt and pepper. If you're using additional herbs like a bay leaf or thyme, add them now. Simmer the Stew Once everything is in the pot, reduce the heat to a low simmer. Cover the pot with a lid and let it cook until the vegetables are tender. This usually takes about 20-30 minutes, depending on the size of your vegetable pieces. Thickening the Stew (Optional) If you prefer a thicker stew, mix 2 tablespoons of flour with an equal amount of water to create a smooth paste. Gradually stir this paste into the simmering stew, and continue to simmer for another 10 minutes. The stew should thicken up. Final Seasoning and Serving Before serving, taste the rubaboo and adjust the seasoning as needed. Serve the stew hot. It pairs well with crusty bread, bannock, or other traditional bread. Additional Tips The consistency of rubaboo can vary from a thick stew to a more soup-like consistency. Adjust the amount of liquid and thickening agent based on your preference. Rubaboo is a highly adaptable dish, so feel free to experiment with different vegetables and seasonings. The pemmican will add a unique flavor and heartiness to the dish, making it a fulfilling and nutritious meal. Check out our History of Rubaboo here. Enjoy your rubaboo with pemmican, a nourishing dish that's deeply rooted in North American indigenous culinary traditions!

"Hell Fire Stew" is a creative and spicy take on a traditional stew, incorporating hardtack as a key ingredient. This recipe will bring a fiery twist to the classic stew, making it perfect for those who enjoy bold flavors. Ingredients Hardtack: 6 pieces, broken into small chunks. Beef or Chicken: 1 pound, cut into 1-inch cubes (can use other meats or a meat substitute for vegetarian options). Onions: 2 medium, finely chopped. Garlic: 4 cloves, minced. Carrots: 2 medium, peeled and diced. Potatoes: 3 medium, peeled and diced. Tomatoes: 2 large, fresh and diced, or 1 can of diced tomatoes (14 oz). Spicy Peppers: 2-3, seeds removed and chopped (choose peppers based on desired heat level, like jalapeños for moderate heat or habaneros for more intensity). Beef or Chicken Broth: 4 cups (can use vegetable broth for a vegetarian version). Worcestershire Sauce: 1 tablespoon. Chili Powder: 1 tablespoon. Paprika: 1 teaspoon. Cumin: 1 teaspoon. Salt and Pepper: to taste. Olive Oil: 2 tablespoons, for sautéing. Optional Additions: Beans (like kidney or black beans), corn, bell peppers, or other preferred vegetables. Equipment Large Pot or Dutch Oven. Wooden Spoon. Sharp Knife and Cutting Board. Instructions Prep Work Start by preparing all the vegetables: Chop onions, mince garlic, dice carrots, potatoes, and tomatoes. Remove seeds from the spicy peppers and chop them. Break the hardtack into small, bite-size pieces. Brown the Meat Heat olive oil in a large pot or Dutch oven over medium-high heat. Add the cubed meat and cook until it's browned on all sides, about 5-7 minutes. Remove the meat and set it aside on a plate. Sauté the Vegetables Reduce the heat to medium. In the same pot, add the onions and garlic, sautéing until the onions are soft and translucent, about 3-4 minutes. Add the diced carrots and potatoes (and any other hard vegetables you're using). Cook, stirring occasionally, for about 5 minutes. Add Tomatoes and Spices Stir in the diced tomatoes, chili powder, paprika, cumin, salt, and pepper. Cook the mixture for 2-3 minutes, allowing the spices to become fragrant. Combine Ingredients for Stew Add the browned meat back into the pot. Incorporate the chopped spicy peppers and Worcestershire sauce. Pour in the broth. Stir well to combine all ingredients. Incorporate Hardtack Lower the heat to a simmer. Add the broken pieces of hardtack to the pot. Stir gently to ensure the hardtack is submerged in the liquid. Simmer Let the stew simmer uncovered for 30-40 minutes. The vegetables should become tender, and the hardtack will soften and absorb the flavors of the stew. If using softer vegetables or beans, add them in the last 15 minutes of cooking. Final Adjustments and Serving Taste the stew and adjust the seasoning if necessary. Serve the stew hot. It can be garnished with fresh herbs, a sprinkle of cheese, or a dollop of sour cream to help balance the heat. Additional Tips The choice of peppers greatly influences the heat level of the stew. You can also use dried chili flakes or cayenne pepper for extra heat. If the stew becomes too thick, add more broth or water to reach your desired consistency. The stew is ideal for meal prep and can be stored in the refrigerator for up to 5 days or frozen for longer storage. Enjoy your Hell Fire Stew, a robust and spicy dish that combines traditional elements with bold flavors!

Hardtack is a very simple, durable type of cracker or biscuit made from flour, water, and sometimes salt. It was commonly used during long sea voyages and military campaigns before the invention of canned foods, due to its long shelf life. Here's a basic recipe for hardtack: Ingredients All-Purpose Flour: 3 cups (plus more for dusting). The flour should be plain, without any raising agents. Water: 1 cup, adjust as needed. The water should be at room temperature. Salt: 1 teaspoon (optional, for flavor). Salt was often used historically for taste and preservation. Equipment Large Mixing Bowl Rolling Pin Fork or Skewer Sharp Knife or Pizza Cutter Baking Sheet Oven Wire Rack (for cooling) Instructions Preheat the Oven Set your oven to 375°F (190°C). Make sure the rack is in the middle position for even baking. Mixing the Ingredients In the mixing bowl, combine the 3 cups of flour and 1 teaspoon of salt. Mix these dry ingredients thoroughly. Gradually add water to the dry mixture. Start with about 3/4 cup and add more as needed. Mix by hand or with a sturdy spoon until a firm dough forms. The dough should not stick to your hands; it needs to be quite stiff. Kneading the Dough Turn the dough onto a floured surface and knead it gently for a few minutes. The dough should become smooth and cohesive, but remain firm. Rolling Out the Dough Using a rolling pin, roll the dough out to a thickness of about 1/2 inch. Try to keep the thickness uniform for even baking. Cutting and Docking Cut the dough into individual crackers. Traditional hardtack shapes are squares or rectangles, about 3x3 inches. With a fork or skewer, evenly prick holes across the top of each cracker. This helps prevent the hardtack from rising and ensures it bakes evenly. Baking the Hardtack Place the hardtack pieces on an ungreased baking sheet, ensuring they don’t touch each other. Bake in the preheated oven for 30 minutes. Flipping and Second Bake After the first 30 minutes, flip each piece over and return them to the oven. Bake for another 30 minutes. The hardtack should be lightly browned and very hard. Cooling and Storing Remove the hardtack from the oven and let it cool on a wire rack. It’s important that they cool completely and become thoroughly dry. Once cool, store the hardtack in an airtight container. In a dry environment, hardtack can last for months, even years. Historical Context and Consumption Tips Hardtack was a staple for sailors and soldiers due to its long shelf life. It provided essential calories, though not much in terms of taste or nutrients. To eat, hardtack was often soaked in water, broth, coffee, or milk to soften it. This also made it easier to digest, as it's extremely hard and dry. In some historical accounts, hardtack was crumbled into soups or stews to add substance. Check out the History of Hardtack here. Try hardtack in more flavorful recipes like Hell Fire Stew Recipe with Hardtack Enjoy your historical journey with this detailed hardtack recipe, experiencing a food that played a crucial role in many historical expeditions and conflicts!

Pemmican is a traditional North American food, often associated with Native American cultures. It's known for its long shelf life and high energy content, making it a practical choice for long trips or emergencies. Here's a basic recipe for pemmican: Ingredients Lean Meat: 2 pounds of beef, bison, or venison. The meat should be as lean as possible to prevent spoilage. Fat: 1 pound of rendered beef fat (tallow). It's important to use rendered fat as it has a longer shelf life. Dried Berries: 1 cup of unsweetened dried blueberries or cranberries. These add a touch of sweetness and additional nutrients. Optional Additions: You can add nuts, seeds, honey, or maple syrup for extra flavors and nutrients, but remember that these additions might reduce the shelf life of the pemmican. Equipment Oven or dehydrator Sharp knife Food processor or meat grinder Large mixing bowl Saucepan Pemmican molds or a baking tray Instructions Prepare and Dry the Meat Freeze the meat slightly to make it easier to slice. Cut the meat into thin strips, about 1/8 inch thick. Dry the meat strips using a dehydrator set at 145-155°F (63-68°C) for about 15 hours, or in an oven at its lowest setting, with the door slightly ajar, for about 10-12 hours. The meat is properly dried when it is completely dry, brittle, and snaps when bent. Powder the Dried Meat Once the meat is fully dried, let it cool. Grind the dried meat into a fine powder using a food processor or a grinder. This may take several minutes to achieve the desired consistency. Prepare the Dried Berries If your berries aren’t completely dried, place them in the oven or dehydrator until they are brittle. Grind the dried berries into a coarse powder using a food processor. You can actually skip this step and make it with just beef and fat, or use other berries/flavoring to match your taste preference. Render the Fat Slowly melt the beef fat over low heat in a saucepan until it becomes a clear liquid. Be careful not to overheat, as this can cause the fat to burn. Combine Ingredients In a large bowl, mix together the powdered meat, powdered berries, and any optional ingredients. Slowly pour the melted fat over the mixture, stirring continuously until everything is evenly coated and a thick paste is formed. Form and Set the Pemmican Spoon the mixture into pemmican molds or spread it onto a baking tray lined with parchment paper. Press down firmly to compact the mixture. Allow the pemmican to cool and solidify at room temperature or in the refrigerator. Storage Cut or break the pemmican into bars or pieces. Store in an airtight container in a cool, dark place. If made and stored properly, pemmican can last for several months to a year without refrigeration. Additional Tips When drying the meat, ensure there's good airflow to prevent mold. The ratio of fat to dried meat can be adjusted according to your preference. A typical ratio is 1:1, but you can vary this depending on whether you prefer a drier or fattier pemmican. Pemmican can be a versatile food: eat it as is for a quick energy boost, or rehydrate it in soups and stews. Chek out the History of Pemmican here. Try pemmican in more flavorful recipes like Rubaboo Recipe with Pemmican By following this detailed recipe, you can create a nutritious, long-lasting pemmican that's perfect for hiking, camping, or emergency food supplies.

Secretive Departure into Space SpaceX's formidable Falcon Heavy rocket has recently embarked on a clandestine journey, carrying the U.S. Space Force’s X-37B spaceplane into orbit. This secretive launch, executed from NASA's Kennedy Space Center, adds another layer to the enigmatic narrative of the X-37B, a reusable vehicle known for its classified space experiments. The specifics surrounding this mission, such as the intended orbit, mission duration, and the nature of the payloads, are closely guarded, maintaining the characteristic secrecy of the X-37B program. Falcon Heavy's New Role in Space Missions This latest mission represents a new chapter in the X-37B's history, being the first to utilize the more powerful Falcon Heavy rocket. Previous missions employed SpaceX’s Falcon 9 and the United Launch Alliance's Atlas V rocket. The choice of Falcon Heavy, with its enhanced capabilities, suggests potential for more complex objectives or distant orbital targets. The Boeing-manufactured X-37B, which bears a resemblance to a mini space shuttle, is engineered for runway landings on Earth, much like traditional aircraft. SpaceX's Expanding Legacy in Space Exploration Underneath the mission's veil of secrecy, some details have been revealed. Known as USSF-52, the mission aims to venture into unexplored orbital realms and conduct experiments in space domain awareness and the effects of space radiation on various materials. Among the experiments is NASA’s Seeds-2, which investigates the influence of space radiation on plant life. This launch is a milestone for Falcon Heavy, marking its fifth mission of the year and ninth since its debut in 2018. Despite initial delays due to weather and other undisclosed factors, SpaceX continues to build its impressive launch history, with this mission being its 97th of the year, closely followed by the 98th launch involving a batch of Starlink satellites.

2024 Launch of Joint Satellite Mission The Pentagon's Missile Defense Agency (MDA) and the Space Development Agency (SDA) are set to launch a critical national security space mission in the second quarter of 2024 per a report by SpaceNews. This initiative, initially planned for a December 2023 launch, faced delays due to technical difficulties with one of the spacecraft involved. The mission, titled USSF-124, aims to deploy six satellites equipped with advanced technology to detect and track hypersonic missiles. Innovative Satellite Technologies for Defense USSF-124 will feature a combination of cutting-edge technologies. Four of the six satellites, developed by L3Harris, are designed for the SDA's Tracking Layer constellation. These satellites are tailored to detect ballistic and hypersonic threats, particularly from nations like Russia and China. The remaining two satellites, one from L3Harris and another from Northrop Grumman, are integral to the MDA's Hypersonic and Ballistic Tracking Space Sensor (HBTSS) program. This program focuses on maintaining precise tracking of threats and facilitating data transfer to interceptor missiles. The Tracking Layer and HBTSS are crucial components of a planned multi-layered missile-defense architecture. The HBTSS specifically aims to demonstrate fire control technology essential for intercepting hypersonic weapons. To optimize efficiency, the SDA and MDA decided to merge their payloads, although this collaboration has faced delays due to production issues. Congressional Oversight and Agency Collaboration The collaboration between the MDA and SDA has garnered attention from congressional defense committees. These bodies are urging the Pentagon to clearly define the roles and responsibilities of each agency in missile tracking. Representative Doug Lamborn expressed the importance of swiftly implementing the HBTSS for national security. Some lawmakers suggest that the SDA, known for its agility in developing space capabilities, should take the lead on this mission. Others advocate for the MDA's continued involvement, citing its extensive experience in tracking ballistic missiles. An important aspect to monitor is how the MDA and SDA, each reporting to different superiors, will cooperate. The MDA falls under the office of the undersecretary of defense for research and engineering, while the SDA reports to the U.S. Space Force chief of space operations and the Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Acquisition and Integration. The mission's launch, scheduled to take place on a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket from Cape Canaveral Space Force Base in Florida, marks a significant step in enhancing the United States' defense capabilities against emerging hypersonic threats.

Ramping Up Defense Production In a report from the Defence Blog, Sergey Chemezov, CEO of Rostec Corporation, recently briefed President Vladimir Putin on the status of Russia's defense production, specifically addressing the state's defense orders, aviation, and automotive sectors, and strides in import substitution. In his overview, Chemezov underscored a significant increase in various aspects of defense manufacturing. This includes a notable surge in tank production, with figures showing an almost sevenfold rise compared to the previous year. Expansion Across Military Equipment Sectors The report from Rostec also highlighted substantial growth in other military manufacturing sectors. Production of artillery shells saw an increase of around fifty times in certain categories. Additionally, the output of infantry fighting vehicles, including airborne versions, along with various armored vehicles, escalated by more than five times. Specific areas of ammunition production and light armored vehicles also saw dramatic increases, aligning with the overall trend of accelerated defense manufacturing in Russia. Context of Increased Military Efforts Chemezov's presentation comes against the backdrop of the ongoing conflict in Ukraine, where the Russian armed forces have experienced significant losses in both personnel and equipment. The accelerated pace of defense manufacturing and efforts in import substitution suggest an intensification of Russia's military capabilities and strategies. However, it is crucial to note the context of the ongoing war with Ukraine, where Russian public statements often serve purposes of disinformation and intimidation. This backdrop adds a layer of complexity to interpreting and understanding the full implications of the reported surge in defense production.

A Significant Endorsement for Aimpoint Aimpoint, renowned for its red dot sighting technology, has recently garnered a significant endorsement from the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). The FBI has selected two models of Aimpoint's red dot sights for its Red Dot Sights and Mounts Program. This decision comes after rigorous testing of various competitive optics, highlighting Aimpoint's quality and performance in the field. Contract Details and Sight Specifications Aimpoint has been awarded two separate contracts by the FBI, reflecting the high regard for their products. The compact Duty RDS™ sight has secured a five-year contract worth up to $7 million, while the larger CompM4s sight has been awarded a $4 million contract. These contracts underscore Aimpoint's excellence in providing reliable and efficient sighting solutions. The Duty RDS is designed for the demanding requirements of law enforcement officers. It features a robust pressure-forged aluminum alloy housing, intuitive adjustments for windage and elevation, and digital intensity controls for optimal operation in various conditions, including while wearing gloves. The sight offers a 30,000-hour battery life on a single CR2032 battery, a 2 MOA red dot, and compatibility with all night vision device generations. Its waterproof design and one-piece torsion nut mount compatible with MIL-STD-1913 picatinny rails make it a versatile choice for field operations. The CompM4s, trusted by top-tier professionals and classified as the M68CCO (Close Combat Optic) by the U.S. Army and Air Force, offers extended battery life of over 80,000 hours on a single AA battery. This model is also known for its reliability in night vision settings, offering more than 500,000 hours of operation. Aimpoint's Legacy and Global Trust Aimpoint's selection by the FBI adds to the company's long-standing reputation as a leader in reflex sight technology. With over 45 years of experience, Aimpoint has established itself as a preferred choice for military and law enforcement agencies worldwide, known for its high-quality products and exceptional technical support. This recent endorsement by the FBI not only reaffirms Aimpoint's status in the optics industry but also sets a high standard for future developments in sighting technology.

Strategic Mobilization Proposal In response to the ongoing conflict with Russia, Ukraine is taking significant steps to reinforce its military capabilities. According to Defence Blog, the Cabinet of Ministers has introduced a bill titled “On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine Regarding Improvement of Certain Issues of Mobilization, Military Registration, and Military Service” to the Verkhovna Rada. This legislation aims to streamline and enhance Ukraine’s mobilization processes, reflecting the country's proactive approach to national defense amidst escalating regional tensions. Enhancing Defense Readiness The bill's introduction aligns with Ukraine's efforts to bolster its armed forces against the backdrop of persisting challenges to its territorial integrity. The proposed increase in military personnel – potentially adding between 450,000 to 500,000 conscripts – marks a significant escalation in Ukraine's defensive preparations. This follows earlier statements by David Arakhamia, leader of the ruling “Servant of the People” faction, who revealed a military request for 500,000 additional troops. Military Leadership's Perspective Valerii Zaluzhnyi, Chief Commander of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, clarified the military's position regarding troop mobilization. While the military routinely assesses its needs for ammunition, weaponry, and personnel, Zaluzhnyi stated that no specific number for mobilization had been officially requested. He highlighted the importance of maintaining military secrecy regarding detailed figures and emphasized that the General Staff does not possess legislative authority to initiate such actions. Zaluzhnyi reassured that the Armed Forces are in close collaboration with the Ministry of Defense and the legislative authority to ensure a coordinated defense strategy. The Ukrainian government's move to mobilize a significant number of additional troops underscores the gravity of the situation and its commitment to safeguarding national security. As the conflict continues, these measures indicate Ukraine's determination to strengthen its defensive posture and address the ongoing challenges it faces.

Groundbreaking Delivery of Enduring Shield Leidos, in a report by Army Recognition, has achieved a significant breakthrough in national defense by delivering the first Enduring Shield air defense systems to the U.S. Army. This delivery marks a pivotal step in the Indirect Fire Protection Capability Increment 2 (IFPC Inc 2) program, an integral part of the Department of Defense's layered defense approach. Advanced Capabilities of Enduring Shield The Enduring Shield system is a cutting-edge, mobile ground-based air defense system. It is engineered to defend against cruise missiles and unmanned aircraft systems, thus ensuring the safety of critical civilian and military infrastructure. Unique for its 360-degree engagement capacity, Enduring Shield can engage multiple threats simultaneously. This system is not only compatible with various missile types but also boasts potential for future technological enhancements. It integrates flawlessly with the Army's Integrated Air and Missile Defense Battle Command System, as demonstrated in tests conducted in the summer of 2023. Path to Development and Future Prospects Leidos' Dynetics team, appointed as the primary contractor for the Enduring Shield project in September 2021, faced challenges like supply chain issues and technical hurdles. These challenges initially delayed the system's delivery, originally planned for March 2023. Despite these obstacles, Leidos and the U.S. Army collaborated effectively to reach this milestone. The upcoming phase involves the Army's developmental testing of these prototype launchers, scheduled for 2024, as part of the broader defense strategy. Anticipating future orders, Leidos is gearing up for the next production phase, expected in 2025, at its Chase facility. Leidos' successful delivery of the Enduring Shield systems signifies a major advancement in air defense capabilities for the U.S. Army, reinforcing the nation's commitment to a robust, multi-layered defense infrastructure.

Major Acquisition in Small Arms Sector Colt CZ Group SE, a prominent player in the small arms industry, has taken a significant step by acquiring Sellier & Bellot, a Czech ammunition manufacturer. The acquisition, valued at over $350 million, sees Colt CZ Group obtaining full ownership of Sellier & Bellot. In return, CBC Europe S.à rl, the parent company of Sellier & Bellot and part of the CBC Global Ammunition group, will receive a substantial 27-28% stake in Colt CZ Group. Strategic Move and Long-term Vision This acquisition aligns with Colt CZ Group's strategy to broaden its scope beyond the core small arms segment to encompass related industries, including ammunition. Jan Drahota, President and Chairman of Colt CZ Group, expressed enthusiasm about integrating Sellier & Bellot into the group. He highlighted the potential for new opportunities and growth this merger would bring. Colt CZ Group plans to finance the acquisition through a mix of existing cash resources and debt financing, with regulatory approvals expected in the first half of 2024. Sellier & Bellot: A Rich Legacy Sellier & Bellot has a storied history dating back to 1825, making it one of the oldest ammunition manufacturers globally. The company's extensive product range covers various ammunition types for hunting, sports, military, and law enforcement uses. Based in Vlašim, Czech Republic, Sellier & Bellot employs around 1600 people and has a strong reputation in the ammunition industry. Radek Musil, CEO of Sellier & Bellot, expressed confidence in the company's future under the new ownership, emphasizing a continued focus on brand growth and product development. Colt CZ Group: A Diverse Portfolio Colt CZ Group SE, now the new owner of Sellier & Bellot, boasts a diverse portfolio of renowned brands such as Colt, Česká Zbrojovka, Colt Canada, and 4M Systems. The group is recognized globally for manufacturing firearms for various purposes, including hunting, sport shooting, personal defense, military, and law enforcement. This acquisition marks a significant union of two historic brands in the industry, promising future growth and innovation. This move by Colt CZ Group is not just a business transaction but a strategic alignment of two legacy brands, poised to create a significant impact in the small arms and ammunition sector.